ABSTRACT
Objective To understand prevalence and transmission of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) among HIV infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Tianjin from 2014 to 2017.Methods A total of 225 blood samples were collected from HIV infected MSM in Tianjin from 2014 to 2017.Pol gene fragments were obtained by viral RNA extraction and nested PCR amplification.Phylogenetic and drug resistance analyses were conducted.Results A total of 205 samples were successfully sequenced and analyzed.Based on pol sequences,53.2％ (109/205),28.8％ (59/205),10.2％ (21/205),4.9％ (10/205) and 2.9％ (6/205) of the samples were positive for HIV subtypes CRF0 1_AE,CRF07_BC,B,CRF55_01B and unique recombinant forms (URFs).Twenty transmission clusters,including 75 sequences,were identified and 62.5％ (10/16) of sequences with TDR were in 5 clusters.The prevalence of TDR was 7.8％ between 2014 and 2017.The annual prevalence rate increased from 3.9％ (2/51) in 2014,5.7％ (3/53) in 2015,9.6％ (5/52) in 2016 to 12.2％(6/49) in 2017,the difference was not significant (x2=2.504,P=0.127).CRF01_AE and B strains had high TDR prevalence (3.4％,7/205) and (2.9％,6/205),respectively.The TDR mutation was mainly NNRTIs,the TDR prevalence was 6.3％ (13/205).In contract,the TDR prevalence of NRTIs and PIs were 1.5％ (3/205) and 1.0％ (2/205) respectively.Conclusion Results from this study suggested that the prevalence of HIV-1 TDR strains in MSM was serious in Tianjin.It is necessary to take effective prevention and control measures.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the characteristics and dynamic of HIV-1 subtype distribution in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015.Methods HIV-1 RNAs were extracted from serum samples of the individuals newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection among MSM living in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015.The pol gene segments of HIV-1 genome from these RNA samples were amplified by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) and were sequenced.Subsequently,the phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using pol sequences of samples and references together and the subtype of HIV-1 was determined.The distributions of HIV-1 subtypes detected in MSM with different demographic characteristics in different years were compared.Results A total of 2 210 pol gene segments were successfully obtained from 2 473 serum samples of the MSM.The average age of 2 210 MSM was 30.19 years with standard deviation of 8.22 years,the unmarried MSM and those in Han ethnic group accounted for 73.39％ and 90.81％,respectively.The proportion of subtype CRF07_BC (38.10％) was highest,followed by CRF01_AE (34.84％),CRF55_01B (14.62％),B (6.06％),URFs (3.58％),CRF59_01B (2.17％) and other subtypes (0.63％).The annual proportions of subtype B (P=0.000,99％CI:0.000-0.000),CRF07_BC (x2=14.965,P=0.036),CRF55_01B (x2=18.161,P=0.011) and URFs (P=0.001,99％ CI:0.000-0.001) were significantly different.The proportion of subtype B showed a gradual decrease from 14.08％ to 4.33％ (P=0.000,99％ CI:0.000-0.000),while the proportion of URFs rapidly increased from 0％ to 6.40％ (P=0.000,99％CI:0.000-0.000).The rate of URFs was significantly higher in farmers and migrant workers than in other groups (P=0.017,99％ CI:0.014-0.020) and the rate of URFs was higher in individuals who had multi sexual partners (x2=5.733,P=0.017).Conclusions CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE were the predominant HIV-1 subtypes and multiple subtypes co-circulated among MSM in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015.The recombinations of HIV-1 continue to occur in MSM.Strengthening behavioral intervention for farmers,migrant workers and individuals who have multi sexual partners has the important epidemiological significance against the emerging and circulating of the novel recombinant virus among MSM in Guangzhou.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand prevalence and transmission of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) among HIV infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Tianjin from 2014 to 2017.Methods A total of 225 blood samples were collected from HIV infected MSM in Tianjin from 2014 to 2017.Pol gene fragments were obtained by viral RNA extraction and nested PCR amplification.Phylogenetic and drug resistance analyses were conducted.Results A total of 205 samples were successfully sequenced and analyzed.Based on pol sequences,53.2％ (109/205),28.8％ (59/205),10.2％ (21/205),4.9％ (10/205) and 2.9％ (6/205) of the samples were positive for HIV subtypes CRF0 1_AE,CRF07_BC,B,CRF55_01B and unique recombinant forms (URFs).Twenty transmission clusters,including 75 sequences,were identified and 62.5％ (10/16) of sequences with TDR were in 5 clusters.The prevalence of TDR was 7.8％ between 2014 and 2017.The annual prevalence rate increased from 3.9％ (2/51) in 2014,5.7％ (3/53) in 2015,9.6％ (5/52) in 2016 to 12.2％(6/49) in 2017,the difference was not significant (x2=2.504,P=0.127).CRF01_AE and B strains had high TDR prevalence (3.4％,7/205) and (2.9％,6/205),respectively.The TDR mutation was mainly NNRTIs,the TDR prevalence was 6.3％ (13/205).In contract,the TDR prevalence of NRTIs and PIs were 1.5％ (3/205) and 1.0％ (2/205) respectively.Conclusion Results from this study suggested that the prevalence of HIV-1 TDR strains in MSM was serious in Tianjin.It is necessary to take effective prevention and control measures.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the characteristics and dynamic of HIV-1 subtype distribution in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015.Methods HIV-1 RNAs were extracted from serum samples of the individuals newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection among MSM living in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015.The pol gene segments of HIV-1 genome from these RNA samples were amplified by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) and were sequenced.Subsequently,the phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using pol sequences of samples and references together and the subtype of HIV-1 was determined.The distributions of HIV-1 subtypes detected in MSM with different demographic characteristics in different years were compared.Results A total of 2 210 pol gene segments were successfully obtained from 2 473 serum samples of the MSM.The average age of 2 210 MSM was 30.19 years with standard deviation of 8.22 years,the unmarried MSM and those in Han ethnic group accounted for 73.39％ and 90.81％,respectively.The proportion of subtype CRF07_BC (38.10％) was highest,followed by CRF01_AE (34.84％),CRF55_01B (14.62％),B (6.06％),URFs (3.58％),CRF59_01B (2.17％) and other subtypes (0.63％).The annual proportions of subtype B (P=0.000,99％CI:0.000-0.000),CRF07_BC (x2=14.965,P=0.036),CRF55_01B (x2=18.161,P=0.011) and URFs (P=0.001,99％ CI:0.000-0.001) were significantly different.The proportion of subtype B showed a gradual decrease from 14.08％ to 4.33％ (P=0.000,99％ CI:0.000-0.000),while the proportion of URFs rapidly increased from 0％ to 6.40％ (P=0.000,99％CI:0.000-0.000).The rate of URFs was significantly higher in farmers and migrant workers than in other groups (P=0.017,99％ CI:0.014-0.020) and the rate of URFs was higher in individuals who had multi sexual partners (x2=5.733,P=0.017).Conclusions CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE were the predominant HIV-1 subtypes and multiple subtypes co-circulated among MSM in Guangzhou between 2008 and 2015.The recombinations of HIV-1 continue to occur in MSM.Strengthening behavioral intervention for farmers,migrant workers and individuals who have multi sexual partners has the important epidemiological significance against the emerging and circulating of the novel recombinant virus among MSM in Guangzhou.
ABSTRACT
Objective To assess the current status of HIV test during the past year and related factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) in college students in China.Methods Based on a MSM website,a cross-sectional study was conducted in 500 MSM in college students aged 18-25 years,who were selected based on the estimated HIV detection rate of 50％ in this population,by means of mobile phone questionnaire survey.x2 test and non-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify the factors related with HIV test,respectively.Results The mean age of MSM in college students was 20.99 (± 0.04) years and the HIV test rate during the past year was 47.1％ (652/1 384).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that active factors associated with HIV test included awareness of HIV test (OR=6.37,95％CI:3.592-11.300),willing to receive regular HIV testing (OR=2.64,95％CI:1.191-2.631) well-knowing or not knowing of the HIV infection statues of their regular sex partners (OR=3.58,95％ CI:2.138-5.996),(OR=2.25,95％ CI:1.479-3.422),respectively.The negative factors associated with HIV test included believing their regular sex partners not being infected with HIV (OR=0.65,95％CI:0.445-0.938),having only one regular sex partner during the past year (OR=0.37,95％CI:0.232-0.589).Conclusion The survey indicated that the HIV test rate in MSM in college students during the past year was low.The MSM in college students are usually sexual active,but less of them received HIV test due to the trust between them and less number of sexual partners.Close attention should be paid to the AIDS intervention in this population.
ABSTRACT
Objective To assess the current status of HIV test during the past year and related factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) in college students in China.Methods Based on a MSM website,a cross-sectional study was conducted in 500 MSM in college students aged 18-25 years,who were selected based on the estimated HIV detection rate of 50％ in this population,by means of mobile phone questionnaire survey.x2 test and non-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify the factors related with HIV test,respectively.Results The mean age of MSM in college students was 20.99 (± 0.04) years and the HIV test rate during the past year was 47.1％ (652/1 384).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that active factors associated with HIV test included awareness of HIV test (OR=6.37,95％CI:3.592-11.300),willing to receive regular HIV testing (OR=2.64,95％CI:1.191-2.631) well-knowing or not knowing of the HIV infection statues of their regular sex partners (OR=3.58,95％ CI:2.138-5.996),(OR=2.25,95％ CI:1.479-3.422),respectively.The negative factors associated with HIV test included believing their regular sex partners not being infected with HIV (OR=0.65,95％CI:0.445-0.938),having only one regular sex partner during the past year (OR=0.37,95％CI:0.232-0.589).Conclusion The survey indicated that the HIV test rate in MSM in college students during the past year was low.The MSM in college students are usually sexual active,but less of them received HIV test due to the trust between them and less number of sexual partners.Close attention should be paid to the AIDS intervention in this population.